Crusher and pulverizer



Aug; 27, 1935,

1.. RUNYAN CRUSHER AND PULVERIZER v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 8, V 1933 my/W ATTORN EYS A 1935- A. 1.. RUNYAN 2,012,694

GRUSHER AND PULVERIZER Filed July 8, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 9 a m ,6 M "W60 l VENTOR 12 M m MgmqL MW ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. 27,, 1935 UNITED STATES 2,012,694 I CRUSHERJAND'PULVER'IZEIR. Arthur LJRunya'nfiNew York, NIY; assignor to Edward Harding, trustee, New York, N; Y-.- Application July 8, 1933. Serial mamas:

4- Claims. (Gl;-83--46) My present invention relates to. improvements in 'crushers andpulverizers forbreaking up and comminuting ores, coal, rocks and other adapted material. n

Themachine propels. throws or hurls portions of the material to be crushed (which may ,in-

clude suitable non-crushable projectiles) against other portions of the same materiai, as distinguishedfrom prior machines wherein the anvil or target for the-material to be crushed is a part or parts of the machine itself which soon become worn out andmust'be replaced, the machine meanwhile being rendered idle.

Another of my objects is toreduce the wear on the propelling or throwingelement-by the propelled material.

These and other objects and advantages will appear from the following description in connection with the drawings which show diagrammatically one preferred form or'embodi'ment of for a return passage or passages through the machine until sufliciently reduced and -pu1-- verized to pass through the lower suitably fine the invention which is to be taken assimply illustrative of the invention and not as limiting the invention thereto. In the drawings: Fig. Us a diagrammatic elevational and vertical sectional view'of a crushingand'pulverizing tional view on the line 2- .-2 in Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views to FigL-2 but taken respectively on the lines 3- 3 and 4- 4 in Fig. l.

Fig/5 is a plan view of 'a fragment of the throwing wheel or disc enlarged as compared with Fig. 4and with one of its vanes partly broken away to show its underlying or interior structure; and

Fig. 6 is a transverse section through the vane and disc on the line 6-'6 in Fig. 5 lookingin the direction of the arrows.

Describing now the illustrative embodiment of the invention A disc I! equipped on its top face with a radial vane or vanes i4 is rotatable at contrifugal'speed topropel, throw or, hurl portions of the ore, etc. against other portionsthereof with crushing velocity and force; In other words, the ore is both the projectile and the target. ferentially surrounds the disc [2, suitably spaced from the periphery thereof, contains the target ore. tacle is open towards the disc so as to expose the contained ore as a target for the material centrifugally thrown from the disc.

The disc is fixed on the upper end of the shaft vices next to b edescribed.

The annular receptacle i6 which circum- It will be noted that this annular recep I8 which tur ns inany.suitableibearlng and r rests at its lower end, which maytbeconed in a suitable bearing reeessin the topsoi .a stationaryz support or block 22. A belt (and pulley and; disc at the requisite speed.

consist wholly of ore, coal; rocka. indicated .in

the drawings by the generaldesignating-numeral 28, but may advantageously comprise (especially 10 as to the projectileportions thereof emetal balls 30or other suitable shapes of metaltor the like adapted to make efilcient projectilesfor expedit .ing the crushing of the material.-

-.The crushings drop from the aforesaid recep- 15 tacle ii upon conical screens,pnamely an-upper coarse screen 3 2 which-deliversor is intended to deliver-all the material which is too coarse to pass through it to a conveyor 33 throughthe circular. series of openings 34 in the "enclosure 20 mesh screen .36. These flnes'are received" into the space under thescreens and are'removed 25 through a suitableopening or openings 31 in the wall of th closuifeli;

e stationary cylindrical casing or en- This enclosure 33 is bottomed or supported on a suitable foundation,- and in turn operativelyao supports. within it by means of brackets, and n struts,etc., as indicated, the described rotary disk,

target-ore receiver and the screens and other de- The projectile and target materials preferably 35 willbefed automatically to the centrifugal disc I! and to the receptacle iii. For this purpose, a

conical hopper-qfl is shown 'suDDQrted in the upper portion of the enclosure 35and is or may be the common receptacle or hopper for-allof '40 the material.

coincident with the disc adapted to divide and spread the material more or less evenly as itfalls 50 from the chute H on the intake center portion of the disc.

The chute for the target material is shown 7 .as' consisting of two concentric spaced-apart cones 48 and SU -held together by thespacing 5 sleeves 52 and uniting bolts ll. These cones are suitably supported from theenclosure SI and form a conical chute leading from the outlet of the hopper 40 to the receptacle It for the target material. r

A handle-operated'slidablegate" in connection with the vertical chute controls the rate of delivery of the material to the centrifugal disc,v

which in the ordinary operation of the machine will be substantially continuous.

The rate of delivery by the conical chute "-4. to the receptacle l6 will or may be slower than the rate of delivery from the vertical chute 44 to the centrifugal disk. Thus in the particular illustrated machine, the. adaptation'iof the recep-.

tacle It to the conical chute is intended to cause the material in said chute to beubheld by the material in the. receptacle and the feed to be temporarily interrupted as soon as the receptacle is full. A circular row of 'closely spaced pins ll at the otherwise unguarded inner periphery of the bottom Hia of the receptacle assists' in retaining the ore, etc. in the receptacle as-a target Q for the centrifugatedmaterial. As thecrushing operation proceeds, the 'crushings both'fall are driven out of the receptacle and their place is automatically filledby fresh 'ore'from the conical chute 48-10 as long 'as the in operation. A

Each vane 14 of the centrifugal disc in the particular embodiment shown consists of a plurality of laminations or plates'lla, which may be made.

of-metal, and a plurality of serrated edged plates 14b; preferably made of rubber, said metal and rubber plates or laminations being alternately; interleaved and stacked asshown, andsecured by bolts 60 or other suitable means to the disc. Compare Figs. 5 and 6.

Liquid such as water or a mixture of water an I oil is delivered by the pipe 62 at a controllable rate into the vertical chute 44 so that said liquid is centrifugated along with the ore by-the disc l2. 1 Due to the rotation of the disc'il'the solid material to ;some extent and the liquid to a greater extent piles up against the active or advancing faces of the vanes ll so that the solid materials and liquid are whirled at the rotary speed of the disc and at the same time are thrown radially outwardly by'centrifugal action towards and'ofl the periphery of the disc. During this outward motion, the solid material and the liquid piled up'aga-inst the activerfaces' of 'the vanes slide at high speed and pressure lengthwise thereof."

The liquid serves to reduce yery materially the frictional wear of the solidmaterlal against the active edges ofthe metal laminations Ila. In the first place it constantly lubricates the edges of. the metal laminations. In the second place, the liquid enters andillls the cells C in the active faces of the vanes consisting of the spaces between theserrations'of therubber laminations Mb thereof. 1 The liquiddue to centrifugal action is continuously forcibly propelled along the active faces of the vanes, and passes successively into cells more and'more'distant from the center of rotation until thrownofi the disk.. In so doing,

the far walls of the cells, viz. their walls furthest from the center of rotation-direct the liquid orcause it to bear against the solid material piled up against the active faces of the vanes, thereby exerting a counter-pressure against said solid material which substantially reduces the frictional wear of the vanesj For this purpose the aforesaid farwalls of the cells .are inclined as shown in Fig. '5. or are otherwisesuitably disposed to function as explained.

When ultimately the activefaces of the vanes have become so worn as to obliterate or render ineffective the aforesaid action of the cells, the laminated structure of the vanes makes it readily possible to repair them by merely replacing the worn. rubber layers Mb with new serrated edged rubber layers. For this and other reasons I prefer the described built up laminated vane construction, but of course, vanes with cellular faces within my invention can be made in other ways and with other shapes and arrangements of cells which willnevertheless function to lessen very materiallythe frictional pressure and consequent wear of the ore on the vanes.

The centrifugated liquid also seryes to wash the fines from the target receptacle l8 and to oil with any metallic values requiring oil recovery treatment and to, carry same down through the screens for appropriate subsequent treatment and recovery. 7

Another preferred feature of the centrifugal disc construction consists of an annularplate .4 (compare Figs. 1, 4 and 5) which rests on the vanes and is secured by the bolts 66 to the centrifugal disc. In other words, the centrifugal element in the form shown comprises upper and lower plates fastened together, the vanes being located betweenthem'. "The open center of the upper plate permits the ore-' and liquid to drop from the vertical chute ll upon the center portion of the centrifugal disc -I 2 which is the referred to lower plate of the construction. The upper plate I prevents the ore and liquid from Jumping the vanes.

The foregoing description makes the operation of the machine clear and self-evident without restating' it.

It willbe understood thatf modifications and changes, including omissions, substitutions and additions of elements, may be made in the foregoing without departing from the scope and spirit of my invention.

What I claim is: V V 1. In a crushing and pulverizing machine, the combination of a rotary centrifugal-throw member operating in a horizontal plane and which is peripherally'open for direct, radially outward delivery of the thrown materiaL'a chute delivering material to the intake of said throw'member, an annular receiver in surrounding spaced relation to the open periphery ofthe throw member,

said receiver having a bottom but being open at the top-and being closed on its outer side but being open-sided towards the throw member so as to expose the material as a substantially continuous target surrounding the throw member and throw member. i

3. A rotary centrifugal throw member, and means for delivering solid material and a liquid to said member at its center ofv rotation, said member comprising, a bottom part for support- .ing the solid material and the liquid to be thrown I 75' 4. A rotary centrifugal throwing member as claimedin claim 3 further characterized by the side part being built up out of laminations, some,

smooth edged to form the ribs against which the solid material slides, and the intermediate laminations being serrated to form the liquid receiv-' ing and directing valleysand peaks.

ARTHUR L. RUNYAN. 

